| HISTORICAL DISTRICT |
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| The churches had the purpose of establishment and residential attraction. |
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| In 1646 Maria Jácome de Melo, "sesmeira" of the region, donated an area of around 1,3 Kilometers square between the rivers Patitiba and Perequê-Açu, so that the village could develop. The definite establishment of the village was made in 1719, putting stone limits of ninety centimeters of height up the land, in form of cone, standing in the four corners of land. |
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| Aware of the port vocation of the village, the military engineers present in Brazil since the middle of the century XVI, could define how would be the streets and where the churches, the squares, the prison, the chamber and residential batches would stay. So it follows the pattern of the Portuguese cities where the churches were established and there were residential attraction. As the village had a limited area to develop, it was divided in batches so that the houses were twin houses, using better the available space for construction. |
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| Due to epidemics of cholera and yellow fever which occurred in some parts of Brazil, Paraty was worried about salubriousness. The project of the village foresaw some measures in this sense: the streets were made with a light curvature to avoid winds (considered in that time a disease transmitter); the Santa Casa da Misericórdia (1822) and the current cemetery (1853) were built in a place far away from the village, deactivating the in 1836 the cemetery located in the current Praça da Matriz, isolating by this way the sick people and the dead people. In order to avoid fire, it was forbidden in 1831 the constructions in wood and strew covers as well as it was mandatory the grounding and the surrounding of lands.
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| In 1799, The "Câmara Municipal" defined that the new constructions should have in their façade seventeen inches and half of height and doors with eleven inches and a half of height and five of width, besides round lintels (superior part of the door-jamb). |
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| The houses are built upper the level of the street because of the tides |
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| The electrical illumination was created only in 1928. Before this, the city was illuminated by street lamp moved by whale oil.
The historical center has thirty and one quarters (there were thirty three big two-storey houses forming one quarter ( in the middle two-storey houses there were since 1667, The Chamber , Council and Public Prison)and, the street Santa Rita extended up to street Domingo Gonçalves Dias, forming one more quarter), four squares (Bandeira,Santa rita,Matriz and Rosário) and one area of land destined to events and parking lot. Counting with the streets that surround the historical center, there are eight streets in the north/south direction and six in the east/west direction (seven can be considered the small Rua do Fogo).
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| In front of each house, there is a pavement of around one meter of length , commonly formed by big rectangular stones put perpendicularly to the house walls. The streets have a depression next the curb in order to flow off the rainwater and allow the invasion of higher tides so that the houses were built by at least thirty centimeters upper the street level. Allow the sea invasion throughout the streets was a natural way of keeping the cleaning of the streets. |
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| The pavement of the streets began to be done in the century XVIII |
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| It is still observed that in all district corners there are three cornerstones of chiseled stone, formed by an imaginary triangle, freemasonry symbol which represents God. There are there types of house edges of the historical center: the"cimalha" (edge covered by wood), the "dog" (edge with rafters at sight) and the "beira-seveira" (edge formed by two or more layers of tiles). |
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| The glass windows were introduced in the houses as of the century XIX. Before this, it was used truss grids which had good ventilation besides allow seeing the street without the pedestrians could see inside the houses. |
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| The pavement of Paraty streets with irregular stones - known as "pé-de- moleque" - began to be made in the century XVIII thanks to the development came up the cycle of gold.
However, it was the wealthy derived from the cycle of coffee that was responsible for the pavement of all streets around the 1830 decade. The stones were necessary because the troops of mule carried with gold or coffee, used to be stuck in the mood during raining days and dust clouds in the sunny days. The caravels coming from Portugal brought in their basement stone ballast to balance them. This ballast was unshipped in Paraty and replaced by gold and coffee. Most people states that these Portuguese stones were used in the street pavement, in spite of note having any historical register of this.
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In the 1970 decade, the pathways to the historical center were closed with chains, impeding the vehicles passage through the stone streets. Until 1980 the stone pavement was in perfect condition, with stones in line and all in the same height. However, this year, they took out the stones for the sewerage system and on placing them back, they didn't put them correctly.
Historical documents show the old names used in Paraty:
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| Current Names |
Old Names |
| Rua Domingo Gonçalves de Abreu |
Rua Direita do Gravatá / Craguatá / Gragoatá
/ da Pedreira |
| Rua Tte. Francisco Antônio |
Rua Paratyitiba / Patitiba / Commercio
/ Gov. Portella |
| Rua da Matriz |
Rua da Matriz / Marechal Santos Dias |
| Rua do Fogo |
Travessa do Fogo |
| Rua Dona Geralda |
Rua da Praia / do Mercado |
| Rua Dr. Pereira |
Rua Nova da Praia / da Prainha / da Praia |
| Rua Fresca |
Rua da Marinha / do Mar / Alegre |
| Rua Gravatá (na beira do rio) |
Rua Gragoatá |
| Rua da Capela |
Rua da Capella / das Dores |
| Rua da Cadeia |
Rua dos Marianos / dos Pescadores / Marechal
Deodóro / do Imperador / Cadêa |
| Rua Dr. Samuel Costa |
Rua do Rozário / Rosário |
| Ruas atualmente sem nome, atrás da Igreja
do Rosário |
Rua de traz do Rozario |
| Rua Comendador José Luiz |
Rua do Rocio / da Pedreira / Direita
da Ferraria / Ferraria /Forja / Direita |
| Rua Maria Jácome de Melo |
Rua da Lapa / Cap. Epiphanio |
| Rua atualmente inexistente (antigamente
a rua Santa Rita continuava até a rua Domingos
Gonçalves de Abreu) |
Rua Nova da Lapa |
| Rua Santa Rita |
Rua do Porto / Rua por de traz de Santa
Rita / Travessa de Santa Rita |
| Rua Aurora |
Rua Salvador do Couto / do Couto / Jango
Pádua |
| Praça da Bandeira |
Praça do Porto / Praça da Alegria |
| Largo da Santa Rita |
Pç. do Mercado / Praça da Cadeia / Praça
Dr. Abreu Lima / Praça Comandante Amaral Peixoto |
| Praça da Matriz |
Cemitério da Matriz / Imperador / Municipal
/ 15 de Novembro / Monsenhor Hélio Pires |
| Praça do Chafariz |
Praça do Rocio / Campo da Lavagem / Largo
da Chácara / Largo do Pedreira |
| Caminho do Ouro |
Trilha Guaianás / C. dos Bandeirantes
/ Estr da Serra do Facão / Cultivado / C.
do Inferno / C Velho / |
| Rio Perequê-Açu |
Gua-Gendu / Paratii-guaçu / Paratiguaçu
/ Piraque Assú / Piraqueguaçú / Perequê-Assu |
| Rio Mateus Nunes |
Possocinguava / Possimguaba / Patitiba |
| Morro do Forte |
Ponta de São Roque / Morro da Vila Velha
/ Morro do Jabaquara / Ponta da Defesa |
| Índios Guaianáses |
Guyanás / Goianás / Guayaná / Goiamimins |
| Paraty |
Paratii / Paratec / Parathy / Parati |
| Ponta da Joatinga |
Ponta Roncador/Ponta Fragosa/Cabo da Paz/Cabo
Respingador |
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